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Clement Nyirenda's Blog World

On technology and its use in the fight against poverty

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Location: Blantyre, Malawi

I am a lecturer,researcher and consultant in Electronics and Computer Engineering at the University of Namibia.I am specifically involved in the development of Computational Intelligence based software for communication networks and other dynamic environments. I also have huge interest in Wireless Sensor Networks, Image Processing, and Network Security.

Tuesday, April 03, 2007

MScEng Graduation in Durbs!

I will be in Durban on 17 April 2007. I will be attending my MScEng graduation at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard College Campus). By the way, I passed my MScEng (Computer Engineering) with distinction.I thank God for this milestone in my life. It was difficult studying down there while my family was still in Malawi. My acknowledgements go to the following:
  • My wife Felistas for her understanding and encouragement during this period.
  • Professor Dawoud Dawoud for his guidance and insightfulness throughout my entire study period.
  • My grandmother Nyangwira at Mzokoto for instilling in me a hard-working spirit and the fear of the Lord from a tender age.
  • The African Network of Scientific and Technological Institutions (ANSTI) for their financial support towards my graduate studies.
  • Telkom South Africa and Alcatel for providing the equipment necessary for my studies and the financial support that enabled me to present parts of my work at SATNAC 2005, WCCI 2006 and SATNAC 2006.
  • Fellow graduate students at the Radio Access Technologies Centre for their assistance and the wonderful time we had together.
  • Various relatives and members of the body of Christ for their moral and material support for my family during this period.

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Thursday, March 22, 2007

My Blog's First Birthday

A year ago, at 6:49 AM, I posted my first entry on this blog after being inspired by Soyapi Mumba and late Mangaliso Jere (May His Soul Rest In Peace). I had always desired to blog after being entertained by these guys' blogs but my MSc research would not give me a chance for that.As my research was drawing to a close, I started blogging and there is no way back now. Blogging has now become one of my major pastimes. Not only have I made new friends through it but I have also managed to link up with former school mates like Victor Kaonga who used to be one year ahead of me at Rumphi Secondary School (aka RUSESCHO). During the past blog year, I posted 23 entries.My blog site enjoyed 1176 page loads and 573 profile views from all over the world. I am very grateful to all the people that have been patronizing this blog.

One of the events from the past blog year that will always evoke fond memories is my trip to Canada where I presented a paper at the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (WCCI 2006) in Vancouver. It was my first time to fly out of Africa and more than that to step my feet on three continents (Africa, Europe and North America) within two days. At WCCI 2006, I also won an FUZZ-IEEE travel grant worth USD750 in recognition of the paper that I presented there. I also enjoyed attending a plenary session by Lotfi Zadeh, the father of fuzzy logic, a field which is fast becoming the mainstay of my research endeavours. This trip also gave me a chance to visit the Munthalis in Brampton, Ontario (Sekulu, abuya,Suzgo and Tapiwa, it was nice visiting you.God bless you abundantly for the hospitality). I will always remember the trip to Niagara Falls.

Now for the blog year that has just started today, I sense in the spirit that great things will take place. Watch this space!

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Wednesday, March 07, 2007

Why PhD?

One of these days, I was chatting with a Kenyan friend who has just passed his Masters in Electronic Engineering with distinction.I asked him why he was so keen on doing PhD studies.He simply told me that he wants to use it as a pedestal for making wealth.I immediately told him that he was wrong.It was better for him to relinquish his PhD ambitions and start thinking about innovative ways of generating wealth.His MSc degree is more than enough.I further told him that Sergey Brin and Larry Page, the co-founders of Google, did not complete their PhD studies at Stanford University.And yet all of us can acknoweldge the impact that their products (search engine, blogger, mail,google earth etc.) are making on our daily lives.The History of Google reveals that Sergey and Larry first met as Stanford University graduate students in computer science in 1995. While there, they developed a common interest in retrieving relevant information from large data sets.By January of 1996, Larry and Sergey had begun collaboration on a search engine called BackRub, the precursor to the Google Search Engine.In September 1998, Google was incorporated, after Larry and Sergey put their PhD studies on hold and raise $1 million in funding from family, friends and "angel" investors.Since then,Google has grown rapidly such that it is now the largest search engine on the web.Larry and Sergey joined the list of billionaires in the world in 2004 after Google's initial public offering.In 2006, Forbes list reported that Larry's net worth was estimated at more than 14 billion dollars while Sergey's is 14.1 Billion dollars. These guys are still "on leave" from their PhD studies.With such billions at your finger tips, who can go back there to resume PhD research?It is extremely difficult to do so even when you are a star researcher.It must be mentioned that Sergey and Larry are extremely brilliant.They authored what is widely considered their seminal contribution, a paper entitled The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine.The paper has become the tenth most accessed scientific paper at Stanford University.The story of Sergey and Larry is just one of the numerous examples. Some have quit at even lower levels but still have gone on to become great finance icons of our era. Check Forbes!

Then, why should someone do PhD studies?First of all, we must have an understanding of this three letter word.A PhD is the highest degree offered by most Universities in the world. Professor Pankaj Jalote , in one of his online documents, says that the focus of a PhD, unlike regular degrees, is not learning existing knowledge but creating new knowledge.As a result, this degree is desired by anyone wishing to make a mark. I personally think that the main motive for doing a PhD should be the desire to make a mark in the world of research.Once the mark is made, all these other things will fall in place.PhD research involves two major tasks:(a) the formulation of a question or a problem that is of interest and that can be solved, and (b) providing a useful/interesting solution to the stated problem. The results obtained are presented in national/international conferences, and/or submitted to scientific journals.Sometimes, the life of a PhD student can be very hectic because one has to venture into the unknown in order to create new knowledge.That is why professors always want students who have a good academic standing, self-motivated, hard working and passionate about their research endevours.One Professor told me that if I want to join his research group as a PhD student, my research work should be my heart beat.



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Saturday, March 03, 2007

Deadline Day Submission of Conference papers

Today, I really did not want to make a posting. I have, however, been prompted to make one in response to Cryton Chikoko's comment on my previous posting in which I pointed out that I like submitting my conference papers right on the deadline day. I do this for two reasons, one minor, one major. I will not disclose the minor one because it is a personal secret. The major one has its roots in the way I grew up.

Some years back, when I was doing my Standard 8 for the second and final time at Mzokoto Primary School in Rumphi, Malawi, I used to have a very good English teacher and headmistress.Her name is Mrs Rose Edith Mnyenyembe (Nyamasango). Besides her superb teaching skills, Mrs Mnyenyembe used to be a good disciplinarian and mentor.I rarely saw her whipping anyone.When you are wrong, she would spend sometime talking to you, making you understand that you are wrong, giving you advice and of course some punishment in form of manual work. By so doing, discipline was being instilled. While I appreciate the contribution of different mentors that I have come across in my life, I always hold Mrs Mnyenyembe in high esteem.Under her mentorship, not only did my academic life sparkle, I also developed immensely as a person. One of the things that she used to teach us was that we should never relax in an exam. That is to say, when we finish before time, we must remain in the exam room, reading through our work again and again. She used to tell us that this will enable us to find some hidden mistakes and rectify them before leaving the exam room. We used to follow this piece of advice and it used to work for our own good. When I went to Rumphi Secondary School, I continued following Mrs Mnyenyembe's advice and my results used to be excellent. However, when I was doing my first year in Engineering at the Polytechnic, the University of Malawi, I used to see lots of my friends leaving the exam room before time. For once, I tried to depart from Mrs Mnyenyembe's advice.The consequences were not good at all. As soon I stepped out of the room, I discovered that I made a number of simple mistakes, skipped some questions etc. Although there were still some good thirty minutes left, University regulations prevented me from going back and asking the invigilator for my script in order to rectify my mistakes. As a result, I got a miserable grade. From then onwards, I resolved never to depart from the piece of advice downloaded into my head by Mrs Mnyenyembe while I was at Mzokoto Primary School. At this point someone may be asking-what has this to do with conference paper submission. The simple connection is that a conference paper undergoes several reviews after submission.These reviews are done by experts in the field. A paper is either accepted (passed) or rejected (failed) based on the comments of these experts. In a way, this is an examination. In keeping with Mrs Mnyenyembe's advice, I always like reading through my papers again and again if I finish them well before the deadline. This helps me to correct some hidden mistakes and also to fine tune my paper in order to make it more palatable for the reviewers.

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Thursday, March 01, 2007

Upcoming Conferences in IEEE Region 8

Septmeber 2007 will be an eventful month for IEEE members in Region 8.During this month, two major IEEE conferences will take place in the region.The first one will be the IEEE Region 8 EUROCON 2007 which will take place in Warsaw, Poland from September 9 to September 12. The submission deadline for this conference has been changed several times.The original deadline was 31 Januray 2007. Then it was shifted to 15 February, then 28 February and yesterday as I was preparing to upload my manuscript, I discovered that the deadline has been shifted to 10 March.Personally, I like submitting my manuscripts right on the deadline (don't ask me why). With this development, I will not upload my paper until the final day (10 March).Who knows, maybe the submission deadline will be extended again.Deadline extensions aside, I am quite excited about EUROCON 2007 because of two reasons. The first one is because all accepted papers will be included in the IEEE Xplore and the EI Compendex, the most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering databases in the world. The second one is because the best papers will be recommended for publication in the IEEE Transactions, Electrotechnical Review, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Electronics and Telecommunications Quarterly and in the Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

While Poland will be hosting EUROCON, Namibia's capital Windhoek will host the IEEE AFRICON 2007 from 26 to 28 September. All conference proceedings will appear in IEEE Explore.Although the official submission deadline is 3rd March, the organisers have assured us that they will accept papers until Monday, 5 March.Therefore, they should expect my manuscript on that final day.

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Tuesday, September 12, 2006

Vancouver photos

As promised, here are some of the photos from the Vancouver trip. The first one shows the mountains as we were descending towards Vancouver International Airport.

The next three photos are self explanatory. A glimpse of Vancouver as we descended!

Me at Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre

Me relaxing after a technical session



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Monday, September 11, 2006

SATNAC Report

On 3 September, I flew to Cape Town via Port Elizabeth (PE). I was in the company of a colleague who is doing postdoctoral research at the Radio Access Technologies Centre.The flight itself was not very enjoyable.There was nothing to see on the ground because it was very cloudy. The flight plus the stoppage in PE took 3 hours.

Upon arrival at Cape Town International Airport we rented a car which we were using for the duration of the Conference.We were staying at Protea Stellenbosch Hotel. After a short rest at the hotel, we went to the venue of the Conference, Spier Wine Estate, where we registered for the conference. We then stayed on for the welcoming function.The first day of the Conference (Monday, 4 September) and Tuesday morning were dedicated to panel discussions from a number of people from industry. Technical sessions commenced on Tuesday afternoon. The farewell function took place on Tuesday night at Stellenbosch Flying Club. It was a memorable experience.I presented my paper on Wednesday morning. It was nice. Compared to the previous presentations, this time my timing and confidence were far much better. I hope to keep on improving.

I had to leave the Conference on Wednesday at noon with some colleagues. We went to Cape Town City Centre and the Waterfront. We took a number of photos which I will post here once I collect them from my friends. My flight back to Durban was scheduled for 5pm. I arrived in Durban safely after some two hours of flying.

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Friday, August 25, 2006

FUZZ-IEEE Travel Grant

I do not really understand why I forgot to post this. Maybe it is due to the hectic schedule that I have had since I came back from Canada. Anyway, all I want to say is that I won an FUZZ-IEEE travel grant worth USD750 in recognition of the paper that I presented in Vancouver.I am told that competition was stiff.I really thank God for this grant.

Meanwhile, I am just looking forward to SATNAC down in the mother city.

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Saturday, August 12, 2006

SATNAC is here again!

The Southern African Telecommunications Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC 2006) will be held in Cape Town from 3 to 6 September 2006. SATNAC is arguably the biggest telecoms conference within the region. Besides providing an ideal forum for postgraduate students to highlight successes achieved on their research, SATNAC provides an excellent networking platform for the telecoms industry.

Personally, I am glad to let you know that I will be there presenting a paper entitled "Performance Evaluation of the Particle Swarm Optimized Fuzzy Logic Congestion Detection Mechanism in Proportional Differentiated Services IP Networks". Actually, my maiden conference presentation was at SATNAC 2005 in the Central Drakensberg (KwaZulu-Natal). I, therefore, will always have a special place in my heart for SATNAC.

SATNAC 2006 offers me the opportunity to visit the Cape Town (also called the "Mother City" of South Africa) for the first time. I just hope that it will be a memorable experience like the Vancouver one.



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Saturday, July 29, 2006

MY TRIP TO CANADA

On March 17, 2006, I was all smiles when I heard that my paper entitled "Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization for Fuzzy Logic Based Active Queue Management" had been accepted for presentation and publication at the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems Conference (FUZZ-IEEE 2006) which this year was part of the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (IEEE WCCI 2006) along with the IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2006) and IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC 2006). WCCI 2006 was scheduled to be held from July 16 to July 21, 2006 at Sheraton Vancouver Wall Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.My heart was filled with immense joy not only because I was going to travel to Canada but more importantly because I was going to take part in the largest technical event on computational intelligence in the world with the biggest impact. At such an event, thousands of scientists, engineers, educators and students from all over the world disseminate their new research findings and exchange information on emerging areas of research in the field. Such an event also creates a pleasant environment for making new friends who share similar research interests.

After the paper was accepted, I had to make sure that I registered for the Conference otherwise my paper would not have appeared in the Conference proceedings. My School paid for the registration of the paper and processed my travel documents (air tickets and visa).I am really thankful to them.

I left for Canada on 14 July 2006. I flew with Nationwide Airlines from Durban to Jo'burg where I flew with KLM to Amsterdam Schiphol International Airport. I connected to Vancouver on another KLM flight. I arrived at Vancouver International Airport at about 4pm (PacificTime) on 15 July 2006. The authorities at the airport guided me to the YVR Airporter terminal where I boarded a bus which dropped me right in front of Century-Plaza Hotel and Spa, my hotel for the Conference . This hotel is right across the street from the Sheraton.

While still suffering from jet lag, I had to force myself to the conference registration table to do the registration formalities. My presentation was not a major concern at that stage because it was scheduled for Friday, 21 July at 13:40pm. I was of the view that by that time I would have fully recovered from the jet lag. From 16 July, I was attending the sessions with naps here and there when the jet lag seemed to take its toll on me. I really enjoyed the sessions on Swarm Intelligence, Fuzzy Sets Applications and Evolutionary Multiobjective optimization.On the invited and planary talks, I enjoyed listening to most of them but I single out two talks: A New Frontier in Computation-Computation with Information Described in Natural Language by Lotfi Zadeh, the creator of Fuzzy Logic and 20 Years of Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization: What Has Been Done and What Remains to be Done by Carlos A. Coello Coello.I really enjoyed Coello's presentation because it gave me a complete understanding of the developments in Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMOO). I have used some EMOO concepts in my MSc thesis. This experience has just heightened my intesest in the field. I hope to do some more work in this field because now I know the exact EMOO research areas.

On Friday, 21 July 2006 at 13:40pm, I had to present my paper in a session entitled Fuzzy Sets Applications to Communications & Signal Processing. My presentation was quite good. I think this time round I improved my timing compared to my novel conference presentation at SATNAC 2005. I enjoyed the experience because the world was listening to me!

On some days, I could take some time off and go around the City with Zhiyong Zhang, a friend I had made at the same conference. We really enjoyed our walks on Robson Street and even down there at Gastown where we saw the famous 29 year old steam clock. On onother day, a friend who studies at the University of British Columbia took me to his University where I had a nice time.

On 22 July at 10 am, I took a flight to Toronto to visit my relatives for three days. While there, they treated me so well.On one of the days, they took me to the Niagara Falls, a major tourist attraction on the Canada-US boarder. I had a good time looking at the Horseshoe and the American Falls.I also had the opportunity to see the Welland Canal along the way. I remembered that some years back in my primary school Geography, I learnt that this Canal links Lake Ontario with Lake Erie.As part of the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway System, it allows ships to avoid Niagara Falls by traversing the Niagara Escarpment.

On 25 July at 7:10pm, I flew with Air France to Paris. I had to spend the whole day in Charles de Gaulle Airport while waiting for a late night flight to Johannesburg. It was scheduled to take off at 23:30hrs but unfortunately there was a heavy downpour in Paris such that it had to be delayed by 3 hours. As a result, I missed my flight to Durban such that I had to go on a different one (No big deal as long as I arrive alive).

I hope this gives you a picture of my recent experiences. I would like to thank the Radio Access Technologies Centre in the School of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal for sponsoring my trip. More than everything, I thank God for His Grace upon me. I will post some photos on my website once I receive them from Zhiyong.

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